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Character encoding methods arose with the appearance of a computer, when the task of representing non-numeric values in binary code began. For the encoding of symbols, a method was proposed that was later widely used for sounds and images. The set of input and display symbols is called the alphabet of the computer system. These are Arabic numerals, letters of the Latin alphabet, punctuation...

Number systems are sets of methods for writing and naming numbers, which are written using symbols, by the number of which the number systems are divided into positional and non-position ones. Non-positional numbers use an infinite set of symbols. For example, the Roman numeral system in which the letter I is used to write the number...

A specific feature is the representation of numbers in the computer's memory, where they must be located in the smallest addressable memory cells - bytes, each of which can contain an arbitrary code of eight binary digits. In turn, numbers can be whole exact, fractional exact, rational, irrational, fractional approximate, can be positive and negative...

When data is ordered, working with large amounts of data is easier to automate. To do this, use data structures, among which you can select the following: linear (lists), tabular, hierarchical (tree). Linear data structures (or lists) are ordered structures in which the address of a given is uniquely determined by its number (index). An example is the list of the training group...

A very important applied value for computer science is simple logical operations, used in the development of program algorithms. Simple logical operations are used when talking about statements - narrative sentences about which they can be said to be true (denoted by 0) or false (denoted by 1) (the third is not given)...

What is the principle of the device for presenting information, intended for its transformation or storage? The principle of such devices changed with the development of technology. The first were mechanical devices with manual, and then with a steam drive, electromechanical, electrical devices and, finally, electronic devices...