Median

The term median (Latin mediana - medium) - occurs in various fields of knowledge. Median is widely used in mathematics, medicine, probability theory and mathematical statistics. In short, wherever it is about the location of some part closer to the middle. The median of the triangle drawn from this vertex is the segment that connects this vertex to the middle of the opposite side of the triangle. The median of the sample (the term was first introduced by Galton, 1882) is a value that divides the sample into two equal parts. Half of the observations are below the median, and half of the observations lie above it. It should be noted that we are obliged to Francis Galton not only for the appearance of the term "median". Now everyone knows that a fingerprint can reveal a crime. But it was not always so. At the end of the last century at the disposal of the detectives were only a verbal portrait, traces, hair, ashes and, at best, a deductive method. Dactyloscopy became the police service in 1900, after it was proved that the fingerprints of the human fingers absolutely accurately identify the person. This remarkable discovery was made by the English explorer Francis Galton (1822-1911).

In mathematics, the medians of a triangle intersect at one point, which is called the centroid or center of gravity of the triangle, and divide this point into two parts in a ratio of 2:1, counting from the vertex. The median breaks the triangle into two equal-sized triangles. The triangle is divided by three medians into six equal-sized triangles. A smaller median corresponds to the larger side of the triangle.

In a right-angled triangle, the median, drawn from a vertex with a right angle, is half the hypotenuse. And, finally, from the segments forming medians, we can form a triangle, that is, their lengths satisfy the triangle inequality.